EU AI Act
European Union Artificial Intelligence Act
The world's first comprehensive AI law
The EU AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) regulates AI by risk tier: a few uses are prohibited outright, high-risk systems carry heavy obligations, limited-risk systems owe transparency, and general-purpose AI models have their own duties. It applies to providers and deployers placing AI on the EU market — or whose AI output is used in the EU — even if the company sits outside Europe.
Qui doit se conformer à EU AI Act?
Any organization that develops, sells, or uses an AI system in the EU, or whose AI output reaches people in the EU — including Canadian and US companies. Obligations scale with the system's risk tier; high-risk and general-purpose AI carry the most.
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Principales obligations en vertu de EU AI Act
Risk classification
Determine each AI system's tier — prohibited (Art. 5), high-risk (Annex III), limited (Art. 50), minimal, or GPAI (Art. 53+). The tier drives everything else.
Risk management & data governance
High-risk systems need a continuous risk-management process (Art. 9) and training/validation data that is relevant, representative, and bias-checked (Art. 10).
Technical documentation
Maintain Annex IV technical documentation and automatic logs that demonstrate conformity and enable traceability (Art. 11–12).
Human oversight
Design high-risk systems so a person can understand, intervene in, and override their output (Art. 14).
Transparency
Tell people when they interact with an AI system and label AI-generated or manipulated content / deepfakes (Art. 50).
Conformity & registration
High-risk systems require a conformity assessment, an EU declaration of conformity, CE marking, and registration in the EU database (Art. 43–49).
Pénalités et application de la loi
Up to €35M / 7% for prohibited practices; €15M / 3% for most other breaches; €7.5M / 1% for supplying incorrect information.
Cadres qui se recoupent souvent avec EU AI Act
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